Quotes from দিবারাত্রির কাব্য-মানিক বন্দ্যোপাধ্যায় !

When the name of Chemistry comes in the list of the most ancient and mysterious scripture, Chemistry should be the topper. Actually, the interest in knowing unknown features makes slowly the basement of Science.

Chemistry is the formation of the substance, attachment, characteristics and chemical reaction related Science.

According to Historians,5000 years before the birth of Christ, pottery had been invented when people learned how to make soil hard by heating. Then they tried to use hard soil by giving them many sizes according to their using.

Again,2000 years before the birth of Christ, man made a clear thing which is called glass now, by melting sands, limestones and soda.

5000 years before in our Indian sub-continent, men used color to make clothes more interesting. Like this, there made an interest in the mind of the men to know the causality of these activities. Chemistry has been invented from those types of questions 'why'.

But, Chemistry is mainly grown from Alchemy. Yes, that Alchemy by which scripture they had made philosopher's Stone. Yes, many people told that they can make gold or Philosopher's Stone. Example: Arab Chemist Jabir Ibn Hayyan(722-803).

                             Jabir Ibn Hayyan(722-803)

Firstly, Alchemy scripture was built by the thought of Aristotle(385-323). He thought that there remains some fundamental thing at everything, which has four characteristics-hot, cold, dry & wet.By taking a pair of characteristics from those ,we can get the characters of water(cold & wet) ,fire(hot & dry), air(hot & wet) and world(cold & hot).He thought that everything tries to be pure. Nature helps things to be as pure as gold, but it takes too long time. The goal of Alchemy was to faster this pure process. In the 3rd century, Alchemy was spread out. Arabs shew interest in this sector, which has a bright example of Jabir Ibn Hayyan(722-803).

In the 11th to 13th century, alchemy was spread out broadly. Aqua vitae is the mentioned invention of this time.

In the 14th to 15th century the Alchemist became overly intoxicated at their work. There was a goal secretly to them to invent Philosopher's Stone. By which, anything can become pure gold by touching that stone.

Today's word ''Chemistry'' has been invented from the word ''Alchemy''.But there remains some difference of opinions.
The 1000 years before the birth of Christ, the fundamental branch of Chemistry had been formed from those times technologies, the ancient people used for living. Drainage metal from ore, the building of Poetry, layer of metals, making wine, making chemical elements from trees and making scents and medicines from them, making cheese, the color of clothes, preservation of leather, making soap from fat and many chemical process ancient people followed by.

The trying of the Chemists became fail about nature and the convert of substance. And the scientific explanation about Alchemy was also proved false. But these experiments and results helped to build the basement of Science. Modern Chemistry was growing when there made scientific differences between Alchemy and Chemistry by the research and inquiries of Robert Boyle(1627-1691).

When Alchemy and Chemistry discuss only nature and convert of substance then chemists tried to invent fundamental things of Chemistry by using a scientific way. The history of Chemistry is connected to the history of Thermodynamics, especially for the works of Willard Gibbs(1839-1903).

Though, for passing this long-distance Chemistry is really lightens on the touch of Philosopher's Stone with the help of Thinkers, Philosophers, Scientists, Chemists. Though the Philosopher's Stone is not true, it helped to modernize this scripture too much.

Source:

1.Wikipedia

2.Onnorokom Bigganbaksho